تحلیل فضایی مناطق روستایی بهینه برای بهره برداری از انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر (مطالعه موردی: روستاهای شهرستان مشهد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه شهرسازی - پدافند غیرعامل، دانشگاه عالی دفاع ملی، تهران.

3 استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

4 دانش‌آموخته دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

با توجه به وجود فضای مناسب و پتانسیل نواحی روستایی کشور، انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر به‌عنوان گزینه‌ای مناسب برای تأمین انرژی مطرح شده است؛ بنابراین، هدف این مطالعه ادغام روش‌های تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره و سیستم ‌اطلاعات‌ جغرافیایی به­منظور پتانسیل‌سنجی مناطق بهینه در سطح محلی و روستایی است تا با ارائه روش تصمیم‌گیری در مطالعات فضایی انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر بالاترین تفکیک فضایی ممکن در این زمینه فراهم شود. در این مطالعه، جهت وزن‌دهی به معیارها از روش بهترین- بدترین و برای به دست آوردن نقشه تناسب جهت توسعه انرژی‎های تجدیدپذیر در روستاهای شهرستان مشهد از روش ترکیب خطی وزنی استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان‌‌دهنده اهمیت معیارهای محیطی و اقتصادی و نیز توجه به نوع انرژی تجدیدپذیر برای مناطق روستایی است به‌طوری‌که از مجموع مساحت منطقه مورد مطالعه، 54 درصد جهت تأسیس نیروگاه خورشیدی و 25 درصد جهت تاسیس نیروگاه بادی در کلاس مناسب هستند. روستاها در منطقه مورد مطالعه به دو گروه روستاهای برخوردار از پتانسیل انرژی بادی و انرژی خورشیدی تقسیم‌بندی شدند. روستاهای گروه اول عمدتاً در حاشیه جنوب‌غربی و روستاهای گروه دوم در حاشیه جنوبی و مرکزی شهرستان مشهد توزیع شده‌اند. نتایج این مطالعه می­تواند برای برنامه­ریزی و تصمیم­گیری در تمام سطوح مدیریتی جهت توسعه انرژی­های تجدید­پذیر در آینده بسیار مفید باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial analysis of optimal rural areas for the use of renewable energy (Case study: Mashhad city)

نویسندگان [English]

  • F Nickravesh 1
  • R Afsari 2
  • A.R. Darban astane 3
  • N. Kazemi 4
1 PhD Student in Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Passive Defense (Urban Planning of Passive Defense), Supreme National Defense University, Tehran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, Tehran of University
4 PhD in Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran.
چکیده [English]

Due to the existence of suitable space and potential of rural areas of the country, renewable energy has been proposed as a suitable option for energy supply. Therefore, the aim of this study is to integrate multi-criteria decision making methods and geographic information systems in order to assess the potential of optimal areas at the local and rural levels to provide the highest possible spatial separation in this field by presenting decision methods in spatial studies. In this study, the best-worst method was used to weight the criteria and the WLC method was used to obtain a fitness map for the development of renewable energy in Mashhad. The results show the importance of environmental and economic criteria as well as attention to the type of renewable energy for rural areas. Thus, 54% of the total area of the study area is suitable for the establishment of solar power plants and 25% for the establishment of wind power plants in the class. In the study area, the villages were divided into two groups of villages with wind energy potential and solar energy. The villages of the first group are mainly distributed in the southwestern margin and the villages of the second group are distributed in the southern and central margins of Mashhad city. The results of this study can be very useful for planning and decision making at all levels of management for the development of renewable energy in the future.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Renewable energy
  • Rural areas
  • Geographic Information System
  • Multiple-Criteria Decision Analysis
  • Mashhad

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