طراحی الگویی برای توسعه کارآفرینی اجتماعی در بین زنان روستایی: کاربرد نظریه داده‌بنیان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه کارآفرینی و توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

2 استادیار گروه کارآفرینی و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه کارآفرینی و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

اگرچه زنان به‌ویژه زنان روستایی نقش مهمی در پیشرفت کشورهای در حال توسعه دارند؛ ولی متاسفانه به مسائل، مشکلات و فعالیت‌های اقتصادی آنان توجه چندانی نمی‌شود. در این راستا، نظر به اینکه صندوق‌های اعتبارات خرد زنان روستایی می‌تواند بستری را برای توسعه کارآفرینی اجتماعی و در نتیجه حل مسائل و مشکلات زنان روستایی فراهم کند؛ بنابراین، توجه به توسعه فعالیت‌های کارآفرینی اجتماعی در قالب صندوق‌های اعتبارات خرد زنان روستایی از اهمیت و ضرورت بالایی برخوردار است. هدف کلی پژوهش حاضر، طراحی الگویی برای توسعه کارآفرینی اجتماعی در بین زنان روستایی عضو صندوق­ های اعتبارات خرد شهرستان ایوان (استان ایلام) بود. این پژوهش از لحاظ پارادایم، کیفی و به لحاظ هدف، کاربردی بود که با بهره­ گیری از روش نظریه داده‌بنیان انجام شد. جامعه مورد مطالعه در این پژوهش شامل متخصصان حوزه کارآفرینی اجتماعی و زنان عضو صندوق­ های اعتبارات خرد روستایی در شهرستان ایوان بودند. نمونه­ های مورد مطالعه ابتدا به صورت هدفمند و در ادامه به‌صورت نظری انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها در این پژوهش مصاحبه‌های عمیق انفرادی بود. پس از انجام 19 مصاحبه، اشباع نظری حاصل شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از تکنیک‌های کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی انجام شد. یافته­ های پژوهش نشان داد که دانش و اطلاعات، تلاطم­های فردی، سرمایه اجتماعی، مسئولیت­ پذیری اجتماعی، داشتن الگوی نقش، خصیصه­ های روانشناختی، آگاهی اجتماعی، ماهیت صندوق­ های اعتبارات خرد و ویژگی­های جمعیت­ شناختی، مؤلفه‌های تبیین‌کننده الگوی توسعه کارآفرینی اجتماعی در بین زنان روستایی بودند. بر اساس یافته­ های پژوهش، راهکارهایی نظیر حمایت اقتصادی، حمایت آموزشی، سیاست­های مالی- حمایتی، الگوسازی و تیم­ سازی اثربخش برای توسعه کارآفرینی اجتماعی در بین زنان روستایی پیشنهاد داده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a Model for the Development of Social Entrepreneurship among the Rural Women: Application of Grounded Theory

نویسندگان [English]

  • M Jafary 1
  • H Mehdizadeh 2
  • N Shiri 3
1 MSc Graduate in Department of Entrepreneurship and Rural Development, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Department of Entrepreneurship and Rural Development, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Entrepreneurship and Rural Development, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Although women, especially rural women, play an important role in the development of developing countries; But unfortunately, not much attention is paid to their problems and economic activities. In this regard, rural women microcredit funds can provide a platform for the development of social entrepreneurship and thus solve the problems of rural women; therefore, paying attention to the development of social entrepreneurship activities in the form of rural women micro-credit funds is of great importance and necessity. The aim of this study was to designing a model for the development of social entrepreneurship among the rural women member of microfinance funds in Ivan Township. This research was qualitative in terms of paradigm and applied in terms of purpose, which was done using grounded theory. The study statistical population includes experts in the field of entrepreneurship and social entrepreneurship and managers and women members of rural microfinance funds in Ivan Township. The studied samples were first selected purposefully and then selected as a theoretical sample. After 19 interviews, theoretical saturation was obtained. In order to analyze the data, open, axial and selective coding were performed. The findings showed that knowledge and information, personal turmoil, social capital, social responsibility, role modeling, psychological characteristics, social awareness, the nature of microcredit funds and demographic were the components of model of social entrepreneurship development among rural women. Result showed that social entrepreneurship development strategies among rural women microcredit funds including economic support, educational support, financial-supportive policies, modeling and team building were effective.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Social Entrepreneurship
  • Social Responsibility
  • Women's Empowerment
  • microfinance funds

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