تدوین راهبردهایی برای کاهش انتشار و آلودگی در سطح مزرعه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد بخش اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز.

2 دانشیار بخش اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز.

3 استادیار بخش اقتصاد کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز.

چکیده

فرآیند تولید کشاورزی در انتشار برخی از آلاینده­ ها مانند متان و اکسیددی­ نیتروژن نقش مهمی دارد. به ­گونه­ ای­ که تأمین آب سالم برای خانوارهای روستایی به دلیل نفوذ آلودگی به منابع آبی به یک ضرورت تبدیل شده است. افزون بر اجرای سیاست­ ها در سطح بخش کشاورزی، اقداماتی نیز باید در سطح مزرعه صورت گیرد. این مطالعه با توجه به ضرورت یادشده با هدف تدوین استراتژی ­هایی در سطح مزرعه برای کاهش انتشار ناشی از فعالیت­ های کشاورزی صورت گرفت. برای این منظور استراتژی­ های احتمالی برای کاهش انتشار آلاینده­ ها در سطح مزرعه بر اساس ادبیات موجود و نظر کارشناس­ ها، تدوین و برای جمع­ آوری اطلاعات مورد نیاز جهت رتبه بندی آن­ها از کارشناس­ های منتخب استان فارس نظرسنجی صورت گرفت. این استراتژی­ ها با استفاده از روش FAHP و تاپسیس رتبه بندی شد. بر اساس نتایج رتبه ­بندی استراتژی­ ها در هر دو گروه فعالیت­ های زراعت و باغبانی و دامپروری، "اثرگذاری" و "هزینه­ بربودن" به­ عنوان مهم­ترین معیارها در تدوین و اجرای استراتژی­ ها معرفی شدند و حدود سه­ چهارم از وزن به این دو معیار تعلق گرفت. استراتژی­ های حایز اولویت در فعالیت­ های زراعی و باغی شامل مدیریت استفاده از ماشین ­آلات و ادوات، مدیریت بقایای گیاهی و به­ طور کلی مدیریت در سطح مزرعه بود؛ درحالی­ که نوع گیاه و نوع نهاده کود شیمیایی در اهمیت پایین­ تری قرار گرفتند. اولویت بالاتر در مورد فعالیت­ های دامی نیز به نحوه کودروبی و مدیریت فضای نگهداری دام داده شد و تغییر جیره دام در اهمیت بعدی قرار گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Developing strategies for reducing pollution and emissions at farm level

نویسندگان [English]

  • F. Ghafarian 1
  • Z. FARAJZADEH 2
  • A. Sheikhzeinoddin 3
1 MSc Graduate of Agricultural Economics, Department of Agricultural Economics, Shiraz University, Iran
2 Associate Professor of Agricultural Economics, Department of Agricultural Economics, Shiraz University, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor of Agricultural Economics, Department of Agricultural Economics, Shiraz University, Iran
چکیده [English]

Production process including agricultural production plays a significant role for some pollutants like Methane (CH4) and Nitrous Oxide (N2O), leading to the necessity of supplying safe drinking water in rural areas due to pollutants leakage to water resources. Thus, in addition to the policies at the agricultural sector level, other measures should be taken at the farm level. In this context, the current study aims to develop strategies in order to mitigate pollutants emissions emitted from agricultural activities. The possible strategies to dampen the pollutants emissions at farm level were developed based on the current literature and the survey implemented throughout the selected experts in Fars province. The survey was conducted to provide information to rank the strategies. The strategies were ranked using FAHP and TOPSIS techniques. Based on the results, for both agronomy and horticultural, and husbandry activities, effectiveness and cost were ranked more important, assigning three-fourth of the total weight. The results obtained for strategies ranking revealed that for activities in agronomy and horticultural subsector, the prioritized strategies are agricultural machinery and equipment management, plant residue management and managerial activities in general at the farm level. For the husbandry activities, manure scraping method and the animal housing management were ranked with higher importance followed by alteration in animal feed diet.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pollution
  • Methane
  • Nitrous oxide
  • Agriculture
  • Fars province

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